Efectividad de la terapia física intensiva en enfermedades huérfanas / Effectivenes of intensive physical therapy in orphan diseases

Introducción: La terapia física intensiva en enfermedades huérfanas, es un método para el tratamiento a pacientes con diferentes trastornos neurológicos, especialmente en la disfunción neuromuscular y musculo esquelética, como secuelas de las crisis metabólicas padecidas por una enfermedad neurodegenerativa que se caracteriza porque los afectados presentan un olor particular en la orina, semejante al jarabe de arce usado como alimento. Objetivo: Describir los resultados obtenidos a través de la aplicación de la terapia física intensiva en enfermedades huérfanas en un paciente. Presentación del caso: Niño de 9 años, con secuelas secundarias a la enfermedad neurodegenerativa citada. La evaluación inicial se realizó a través del índice de función motora GMFM 88-66, aplicado antes y después de cada intervención. El tratamiento consistió en el desarrollo del programa basado en la terapia física intensiva, en cuatro sesiones, durante cuatro semanas, cuatro horas por día, sin interrupción, con un total de 80 horas por cada intervención. Conclusiones: La terapia física intensiva en enfermedades huérfanas, proporciona cambios significativos en comparación con la fisioterapia tradicional. Combina varias técnicas fundamentadas en la base fisiológica del ejercicio, aumenta la posibilidad de mejoras en las secuelas a nivel motor en el caso de enfermedad neurodegenerativa y mejora la función motora gruesa en el niño. En general, se aprecian cambios en la evolución del paciente e impacto en el sistema musculo esquelético, disfunción neuromuscular y mejoría en su calidad de vida y clínica. Puede ser aplicable en otros niños con alteraciones motoras secundarias a enfermedades huérfanas o raras(AU)

Introduction: Intensive physical therapy in orphan diseases is a method for the treatment of patients with different neurological disorders, especially neuromuscular and skeletal muscle dysfunction as a consequence of metabolic crisis suffered due to a neurodegenerative disease which has as a characteristic that the patients present a particular smell in the urine, similar to the maple syrup used as food. Objective: To describe the results obtained through the use of intensive physical therapy in patients with orphan diseases. Case presentation: Nine years old boy with secondary sequelae of the above mentioned neurodegenerative disease. The initial evaluation was made with the index of motor function called GMFM 88-66 used before and after each intervention. The treatment involves the development of a program based in the intensive physical therapy in 4 sessions during 4 weeks and 4 hours each day, without stops and with a total of 80 hours per each intervention. Conclusions: Intensive physical therapy in orphan diseases provides significant changes in comparison with the traditional physiotherapy. It combines different techniques focused in the physiologic base of the exercises; in the case of neurodegenerative diseases, it increased the chances of improvement in the sequelaes of the motor level, and it improved the gross motor function in the boy. In general terms, there is evidence of changes in the evolution of the patient and impact in the skeletal muscle system, in the neuromuscular dysfunction and improvement in the clinical and life quality. This technique can be used in other children with motor disruptions secondary to orphan or rare diseases(AU)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Brasil: information to physical therapists

SUMMARY The emergence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic shows a rapid increase in cases and deaths. The World Health Organization (WHO) has shown that more than 200.000 confirmed cases have been identified in more than 166 countries/territories. Public health authorities in Brasil have reported 532 confirmed cases by March 19. Approximately 5% of the patients will require intensive care unit treatment with oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation. Limited data are available about rehabilitation protocols for severe illness and intensive care treatment of COVID-19 increase. Thus, we aim to show current information about COVID-19, describing symptoms and the respiratory management for critical patients and preventive care. Physical therapists and all health care professionals need to recognize the challenges they will face in the coming months.

RESUMO O surgimento da pandemia do Coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19) tem demonstrado rápido aumento dos casos e das mortes. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) apontou que mais de 200.000 casos confirmados foram identificados em mais de 166 países/territórios. As autoridades de saúde pública no Brasil relataram 532 casos confirmados até 19 de março. Aproximadamente 5% dos pacientes necessitarão de tratamento em unidade de terapia intensiva com oxigenoterapia e ventilação mecânica. Temos disponíveis dados limitados sobre protocolos de reabilitação para doenças graves e tratamento em unidade de terapia intensiva de pacientes com COVID-19. Assim, nosso objetivo é mostrar informações atuais sobre o COVID-19, descrevendo sintomas e controle respiratório de pacientes críticos e cuidados preventivos. Fisioterapeutas e todos os profissionais de saúde precisam reconhecer os desafios que enfrentaremos nos próximos meses.

Versão Brasileira do teste da Função Física em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva e do De Morton Mobility Index: tradução e adaptação transcultural e propriedades clinimétricas / Brazilian Versions of the Physical Function ICU Test-scored and de Morton Mobility Index: translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and clinimetric properties

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi traduzir e adaptar culturalmente o PFIT-s e o DEMMI ao português brasileiro. Métodos Este estudo consistiu na tradução, síntese e retrotradução da versão original do PFIT-s e DOMMI, incluindo a revisão pelo Grupo de Tradução e o pré-teste da versão traduzida, avaliada pelo comitê especializado. A versão brasileira do DEMMI e do PFIT-s foi aplicada em 60 pacientes cooperativos com pelo menos 48 horas de ventilação mecânica na alta da UTI. A confiabilidade interavaliador das duas escalas foi testada usando um coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI). Resultados Os autores originais de ambas as escalas aprovaram a versão transcultural validada. A tradução e a retrotradução obtiveram consenso; e nenhum item foi alterado. As duas escalas apresentaram uma boa confiabilidade interavaliador (CCI>0,80) e consistência interna (α > 0,80). Conclusão As versões adaptadas para o português brasileiro do PFIT-s e do DEMMI mostraram-se fácil de compreender e aplicar clinicamente no ambiente da UTI.

ABSTRACT Objective The present study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Physical Function in ICU Test-scored (PFIT-s) and the De Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI) to Brazilian Portuguese. Methods This study consisted of the translation, synthesis, and back-translation of the original versions of the PFIT-s and DEMMI, including revision by the Translation Group and pretesting of the translated version, assessed by an Expert Committee. The Brazilian versions of these instruments were applied to 60 cooperative patients with at least 48 h of mechanical ventilation at ICU discharge. The interrater reliability of both scales was tested using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results The authors of both original scales have approved the cross-culturally validated versions. Translation and back-translation attained consensus, and no item was changed. Both scales showed good interrater reliability (ICC>0.80) and internal consistency (α>0.80). Conclusion The versions of the PFIT-s and DEMMI adapted to Brazilian Portuguese proved to be easy to understand and apply clinically in the ICU environment.

Respiratory and muscular effects of a physiotherapy protocol carried out during hemodialysis in individuals with chronic renal failure: preliminary results

Abstract Aim: To analyze whether the proposed physiotherapy protocol during hemodialysis (HD) increases knee extensor muscle strength, palmar grip strength, respiratory muscle strength, lung function, and functional capacity of individuals with Chronic Renal Insufficiency (CRI) on HD. Methods: A preliminary results study, in which physical therapy intervention was performed in 11 subjects (49.2 ± 8.6 years) with CRI on HD treatment. Initially, Heart Rate Variability (HRV) was collected, with the individual at rest, for 15 minutes, and later, HRV linear and non-linear analyses were performed using HRV Kubios Premium Software. The protocol was performed in the first two hours of the HD session, three times a week for eight weeks, consisting of respiratory exercises, aerobic exercises, and electrical stimulation associated with progressive resistive exercises. The variables evaluated were respiratory muscle strength, knee extensor muscle strength, palmar grip strength, lung function, and functional capacity. Student's t-tests for paired samples and Wilcoxon's tests for non-parametric samples were used considering a significance level of 5%. Results: There was a significant increase in expiratory muscle strength (p = 0,012; Cohen's d = 0,59), knee extensor muscle strength (p = 0,025; Cohen's d = 0,77), palmar grip strength (P = 0,001; Cohen's d = 0,52) and functional capacity (P = 0,009; Cohen's d = 0,83). Conclusion: The proposed protocol is effective in increasing knee extensor muscle strength, palmar grip strength, expiratory muscle strength, and functional capacity of individuals with CRI on HD.

Efectividad de las diferentes técnicas de fisioterapia respiratoria en la bronquiolitis. Revisión sistemática / Effectiveness of different techniques of respiratory physiotherapy in bronchiolitis. Systematic review

Introducción: La bronquiolitis de tipo viral es la patología respiratoria más común en menores de 1 año, siendo el virus respiratorio sincitial (VRS) el principal agente infeccioso involucrado con cerca del 80% de los casos. Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia de las diferentes técnicas de fisioterapia respiratoria en la reducción del puntaje en la escala de severidad y la mejora de los parámetros fisiológicos en lactantes con bronquiolitis. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos: PEDro, SciELO y Medline. Fueron incluidos ensayos controlados aleatorios con pacientes diagnosticados con bronquiolitis. Se seleccionaron artículos publicados entre el 1 de enero de 2006 hasta el 29 de septiembre de 2016, tanto en lengua española como inglesa. La selección de estudios se realizó de manera independiente, no cegada por 2 revisores, y se llevó a cabo una clasificación de los estudios mediante la escala PEDro. Resultados: Se encontraron 140 artículos que potencialmente podrían incluirse a este trabajo. Al determinar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, solo se seleccionaron 10 artículos para su análisis. Conclusiones: Existe evidencia moderada a favor del uso de la nebulización hipertónica al 3% en lactantes con bronquiolitis para disminuir la estancia hospitalaria y la puntuación de severidad; evidencia moderada a favor del uso de técnicas de modificaciones de flujo espiratorio en lactantes con bronquiolitis para disminuir la puntuación de severidad y evidencia moderada en contra del uso de las técnicas de percusión y vibraciones para disminuir la estancia hospitalaria y puntuación de la severidad (AU).

Introduction: The bronchiolitis of viral guy is the respiratory pathology more common in under 1 year, being the respiratory syncytial virus (VRS) the main infectious implicated agent with close to 80 % of the cases. Objective: To determine the efficacy of the different Chest physiotherapy in reducing the score on the severity scale and improving the physiological parameters in infants with bronchiolitis. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was carried out in the databases PEDro, Scielo and Medline. We included controlled, randomized trials with patients diagnosed with bronchiolitis. We chose articles published in the period from January 1st 2006 and September 29, 2016, both in Spanish and in English. The studies compilation was performed in an independent way, not blinded by 2 reviewers, and the studies were classified using the PEDro scale. Results: We found 140 articles that potentially might be included in this work. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 10 articles were chosen for the analysis. Conclusions: There is moderate evidence in favor of the use of nebulized 3% hypertonic in infants with bronchiolitis to reduce hospital stay and severity score; moderate evidence in favor of the use of expiratory flow modification techniques in infants with bronchiolitis to decrease the severity score and moderate evidence against the use of percussion and vibrations techniques to decrease hospital stay and severity score (AU).

Perme Intensive Care Unit Mobility Score and ICU Mobility Scale: translation into Portuguese and cross-cultural adaptation for use in Brazil / Perme Intensive Care Unit Mobility Score e ICU Mobility Scale: tradução e adaptação cultural para a língua portuguesa falada no Brasil

ABSTRACT Objective: To translate the Perme Intensive Care Unit Mobility Score and the ICU Mobility Scale (IMS) into Portuguese, creating versions that are cross-culturally adapted for use in Brazil, and to determine the interobserver agreement and reliability for both versions. Methods: The processes of translation and cross-cultural validation consisted in the following: preparation, translation, reconciliation, synthesis, back-translation, review, approval, and pre-test. The Portuguese-language versions of both instruments were then used by two researchers to evaluate critically ill ICU patients. Weighted kappa statistics and Bland-Altman plots were used in order to verify interobserver agreement for the two instruments. In each of the domains of the instruments, interobserver reliability was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The correlation between the instruments was assessed by Spearman's correlation test. Results: The study sample comprised 103 patients-56 (54%) of whom were male-with a mean age of 52 ± 18 years. The main reason for ICU admission (in 44%) was respiratory failure. Both instruments showed excellent interobserver agreement ( > 0.90) and reliability ( > 0.90) in all domains. Interobserver bias was low for the IMS and the Perme Score (−0.048 ± 0.350 and −0.06 ± 0.73, respectively). The 95% CIs for the same instruments ranged from −0.73 to 0.64 and −1.50 to 1.36, respectively. There was also a strong positive correlation between the two instruments (r = 0.941; p < 0.001). Conclusions: In their versions adapted for use in Brazil, both instruments showed high interobserver agreement and reliability.

RESUMO Objetivo: Realizar a tradução e a validação cultural para a língua portuguesa falada no Brasil e determinar a concordância e a confiabilidade dos instrumentos Perme Intensive Care Unit Mobility Score (designado Perme Escore) e ICU Mobility Scale (designada Escala de Mobilidade em UTI, EMU). Métodos: Os processos de tradução e adaptação cultural seguiram as seguintes etapas: preparação, tradução, reconciliação, síntese, tradução reversa, revisão, aprovação e pré-teste. Após esses processos, as versões em português dos dois instrumentos foram utilizadas por dois pesquisadores na avaliação de pacientes críticos em UTI. O índice kappa ponderado e a disposição gráfica de Bland-Altman foram utilizados para verificar a concordância entre os instrumentos. O coeficiente alfa de Cronbach foi utilizado para verificar a confiabilidade entre as respostas dos avaliadores dentro de cada domínio dos instrumentos. A correlação entre os instrumentos foi verificada pelo teste de correlação de Spearman. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 103 pacientes, sendo a maioria homens (n = 56; 54%), com média de idade = 52 ± 18 anos. O principal motivo de internação nas UTIs foi insuficiência respiratória (em 44%). Os dois instrumentos apresentaram excelente concordância interobservador (> 0,90) e confiabilidade ( > 0,90) em todos os domínios. Constatou-se um baixo viés interobservador na EMU e no Perme Escore (−0,048 ± 0,350 e −0,06 ± 0,73, respectivamente). Os IC95% para os mesmos instrumentos variaram, respectivamente, de −0,73 a 0,64 e de −1,50 a 1,36, respectivamente. Além disso, verificou-se alta correlação positiva entre os dois instrumentos (r = 0,941; p < 0,001). Conclusões: As versões dos dois instrumentos apresentaram alta concordância e confiabilidade interobservador.

Responsiveness of the domain climbing up and going down stairs of the Functional Evaluation scale for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: a one-year follow-up

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the responsiveness of the domain climbing up and going down stairs of the Functional Evaluation Scale for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (FES-DMD-D3) in a one-year follow-up study. Method: The study included 26 patients with DMD. Effect Size (ES) and Standardized Response Mean (SRM) described the scale’s responsiveness. Results: For climbing up stairs, ES showed that responsiveness was low in the three-month assessments (0.26; 0.35; 0.13; 0.17), low to moderate in the six-month assessments (0.58; 0.48; 0.33), moderate in the nine-month assessments (0.70; 0.68), and high in the 12-month assessment (0.88). SRM showed that responsiveness was low in the three-month assessments (0.29; 0.38; 0.18; and 0.19), low to moderate in the six-month assessments (0.59; 0.51; 0.36), moderate in the nine-month assessments (0.74 and 0.70), and high in the 12-month assessment (0.89). For going down stairs, ES showed that responsiveness was low in the three- and six-month assessments (0.16; 0.25; 0.09; 0.08 and 0.48; 0.35; 0.18, respectively), low to moderate in the nine-month assessments (0.59; 0.44), and moderate in the 12-month assessment (0.71). SRM showed that responsiveness was low in the three- and six-month assessments (0.25; 0.35; 0.12; 0.09 and 0.47; 0.38; 0.21, respectively), low to moderate in the nine-month assessment (0.62; 0.49), and moderate in the 12-month assessment (0.74). Conclusion: Climbing up stairs should be assessed at intervals of nine months or longer, when responsiveness is moderate to high. Going down stairs should be assessed annually because moderate responsiveness was observed in this period.

Family's presence associated with increased physical activity in patients with acute stroke: an observational study

ABSTRACT Background: Inherent differences in organization of stroke care and rehabilitation practices in various settings influence the activity levels of patients in the hospital. The majority of published studies have been carried out in developed countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Switzerland and Belgium; however, data from developing countries are scarce. Objective: To measure the amount and nature of physical activity of patients admitted to medical wards of Indian hospitals and to assess the association between family presence and the patient and between the patient’s functional status and their physical activity level. Method: This is an observational behavioral mapping study. A trained physical therapist recorded the patients’ (N=47) physical activity level through direct observation in the ward using a predetermined observation scheme. Results: Participants were found inactive and alone for 19% (inter quartile range [IQR] 12-36%) and 15% (IQR 10-19%) of the time during the day, respectively. They spent 46% (IQR 31-55%) of the time in therapeutic activities and 31% (IQR 22-34%) of the time in non-therapeutic activities. The family was present with patients 50% of the time during the day. Family presence with the patient and the patient’s moderate dependence in daily activities are positively associated with their activity levels. Conclusion: Patients with stroke admitted to Indian hospitals spent less time being inactive and alone and more time with family participating in therapeutic activities. The presence of family members with the patients during hospital stay may be a significant resource for encouraging patients to be more active.

The effects of whole body vibration in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background: Whole body vibration (WBV) has been used to increase physical activity levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Objective: To carry out a systematic review of the effects of WBV on the glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, and physical and functional capacity of patients with T2DM. Method: MEDLINE, LILACS, PEDro, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to June 1st, 2015. Randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of WBV, compared to control or other intervention, on blood glucose levels, blood and physical cardiovascular risk factors, and physical and functional capacity in adult individuals with T2DM. Two independent reviewers extracted the data regarding authors, year of publication, number of participants, gender, age, WBV parameters and description of intervention, type of comparison, and mean and standard deviation of pre and post assessments. Results: Out of 585 potentially eligible articles, two studies (reported in four manuscripts) were considered eligible. WBV interventions provided a significant reduction of 25.7 ml/dl (95% CI:-45.3 to -6.1; I2: 19%) in 12 hours fasting blood glucose compared with no intervention. Improvements in glycated hemoglobin, cardiovascular risk factors, and physical and functional capacity were found only at 12 weeks after WBV intervention in comparison with no intervention. Conclusion: WBV combined with exercise seems to improve glycemic control slightly in patients with T2DM in an exposure-dependent way. Large and well-designed trials are still needed to establish the efficacy and understand whether the effects were attributed to vibration, exercise, or a combination of both.

Early sensory re-education of the hand after peripheral nerve repair based on mirror therapy: a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Mirror therapy has been used as an alternative stimulus to feed the somatosensory cortex in an attempt to preserve hand cortical representation with better functional results. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the short-term functional outcome of an early re-education program using mirror therapy compared to a late classic sensory program for hand nerve repair. METHOD: This is a randomized controlled trial. We assessed 20 patients with median and ulnar nerve and flexor tendon repair using the Rosen Score combined with the DASH questionnaire. The early phase group using mirror therapy began on the first postoperative week and lasted 5 months. The control group received classic sensory re-education when the protective sensation threshold was restored. All participants received a patient education booklet and were submitted to the modified Duran protocol for flexor tendon repair. The assessments were performed by the same investigator blinded to the allocated treatment. Mann-Whitney Test and Effect Size using Cohen's d score were used for inter-group comparisons at 3 and 6 months after intervention. RESULTS: The primary outcome (Rosen score) values for the Mirror Therapy group and classic therapy control group after 3 and 6 months were 1.68 (SD=0.5); 1.96 (SD=0.56) and 1.65 (SD=0.52); 1.51 (SD=0.62), respectively. No between-group differences were observed. CONCLUSION: Although some clinical improvement was observed, mirror therapy was not shown to be more effective than late sensory re-education in an intermediate phase of nerve repair in the hand. Replication is needed to confirm these findings.

Alternative Physical Therapy Protocol Using a Cycle Ergometer During Hospital Rehabilitation of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: a Clinical Trial

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of a cycle ergometer-based exercise program to a standard protocol on the increment of the maximum distance walked during the six-minute walk test in the postoperative rehabilitation of patients submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: A controlled clinical trial pilot, blinded to the outcome, enrolled subjects who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting in a hospital from Southern Brazil. Subjects were designated for the standard physical rehabilitation protocol or to an alternative cycle ergometer-based protocol through simple random sampling. The primary outcome was the difference in the maximum distance walked in the six-minute walk test before and after the allocated intervention. RESULTS: Twenty-four patients were included in the analysis, 10 in the standard protocol and 14 in the alternative protocol group. There was an increment in the maximum distance walked in both groups, and borderline superiority in the intervention group comparing to the control group (312.2vs. 249.7; P=0.06). CONCLUSION: There was an increase in the maximum distance walked in the alternative protocol compared to the standard protocol. Thus, it is postulated that the use of a cycle ergometer can be included in physical rehabilitation in the hospital phase of postoperative coronary artery bypass grafting. However, randomized studies with larger sample size should be conducted to assess the significance of these findings.

Benefit of educational feedback for the use of positive expiratory pressure device

BACKGROUND: Positive expiratory pressure (PEP) is regularly used as a self-administered airway clearance technique. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the need to teach the correct use of the PEP device and to measure the progress of the success rate of the maneuver after training. METHOD: A PEP system (PariPEP-S Sytem) was used to generate PEP in 30 healthy volunteers. They were instructed by a qualified physical therapist to breathe correctly through the PEP device. Then they were evaluated during a set of ten expirations. Two other evaluations were performed at day 2 and day 8 (before and after feedback). The mean PEP and the success rate were calculated for each set of expirations. The number of maneuvers needed to obtain a correct use was calculated on the first session. RESULTS: An optimal PEP was reached after 7.5 SD 2.7 attempts by all subjects. Success rates and mean pressures were similar between the different sets of expirations (p=0.720 and p=0.326, respectively). Pressure variability was around 10%. After one week, 30% of subjects generated more than two non-optimal pressures in the set of ten expirations. No difference in success rate was observed depending on the evaluations. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that good initial training on the use of the PEP device and regular follow-up are required for the subject to reach optimal expiratory pressure.

Design of an instrument to measure the quality of care in Physical Therapy / Delineamento de um instrumento para medir a qualidade da assistência da Fisioterapia

ABSTRACT Objective: To design an instrument composed of domains that would demonstrate physical therapy activities and generate a consistent index to represent the quality of care in physical therapy. Methods: The methodology Lean Six Sigma was used to design the tool. The discussion involved seven different management groups staff. By means of brainstorming and Cause & Effect Matrix, we set up the process map. Results: Five requirements composed the quality of care index in physical therapy, after application of the tool called Cause & Effect Matrix. The following requirements were assessed: physical therapist performance, care outcome indicator, adherence to physical therapy protocols, measure whether the prognosis and treatment outcome was achieved and Infrastructure. Conclusion: The proposed design allowed evaluating several items related to physical therapy service, enabling customization, reproducibility and benchmarking with other organizations. For management, this index provides the opportunity to identify areas for improvement and the strengths of the team and process of physical therapy care. .

RESUMO Objetivo: Delinear um instrumento composto de domínios que demonstrassem a atividade da área da Fisioterapia e que gerassem um índice consistente, capaz de representar a qualidade da assistência fisioterapêutica. Métodos: Para o delineamento do instrumento, utilizamos a metodologia denominada Lean Seis Sigma. A discussão envolveu sete grupos de gestão diferentes e desta equipe de trabalho. Por meio das ferramentas de brainstorm e Matriz de Causa e Efeito, montamos o mapa do processo. Resultados: Cinco requisitos constituíram o índice de qualidade de assistência da Fisioterapia, após a aplicação da ferramenta denominada Matriz de Causa e Efeito. Os requisitos foram avaliação individual do desempenho do fisioterapeuta, indicador de resultado de assistência, avaliação da adesão da Fisioterapia nos protocolos, medir se o prognóstico e resultado de tratamento foi alcançado, e infraestrutura. Conclusão: O desenho proposto permitiu avaliar vários itens que compunhamo serviço de Fisioterapia, possibilitando customização, reprodutibilidade e benchmark entre as instituições. Para a gestão, esse índice deve proporcionar a oportunidade de identificar os pontos de melhoria, e os pontos fortes da equipe e processo de assistência da Fisioterapia. .

Cumplimiento de la capacidad tecnológica-científica en los servicios de Fisioterapia de Bucaramanga y Floridablanca / Achievement of technological and scientific capacity in Physical Therapy services of Bucaramanga and Floridablanca

Objetivo Determinar el cumplimiento de la condición de capacidad tecnológica y científica de una muestra de servicios de terapia física y respiratoria del área urbana de Floridablanca y Bucaramanga. Metodología Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. La muestra la conforman cuatro instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud del municipio de Floridablanca y tres instituciones del área urbana de Bucaramanga, a las que durante el año 2011 se les aplicaron dos encuestas para verificar el cumplimiento de los estándares de habilitación y conocer las razones por las cuales incumplen con alguno de los requisitos. Resultados En Floridablanca, tres instituciones corresponden al primer nivel de atención y una al segundo nivel de atención; los estándares con menor cumplimiento son: Seguimiento a riesgos con una mediana del puntaje de cumplimiento de 0 (Rango: 0-12); Historia Clínica asistencial con una mediana de 9,5 (Rango: 0-100) y el estándar de procesos prioritarios con una mediana de 18 (Rango: 9-27). En Bucaramanga, dos correspondían al segundo nivel de atención y una a un tercer nivel de atención. Los estándares de menor cumplimiento fueron: Medicamentos y dispositivos con 0 para una institución, Procesos prioritarios con una mediana de 60 (Rango: 0-89) e instalaciones físicas con una mediana de 73 (Rango: 64-84). Conclusiones Los resultados muestran un incumplimiento de los requisitos esenciales de habilitación, pese a que éstos son exigidos por los entes territoriales departamentales, distritales y municipales de salud.(AU)

Objective To identify the achievement of the condition of technological and scientific capacity of a sample of physical therapy and respiratory services from the urban area of Floridablanca and Bucaramanga. Methodology A descriptive study was performed with a set of samples not based on probabilities out of convenience. The sample consisted of four health service provider institutions in the town of Floridablanca and three institutions from the urban area of Bucaramanga. During the year 2011, two check lists were applied in order to verify the fulfillment of standards of habilitation and to find the reasons for their non-compliance in some of their requisites. Results Three institutions in Floridablanca belong to the first level of care and one to the second level of care; the standards with the lowest fulfillments are: Risk follow-up with a median fulfillment score of 0 (Range: 0-12); Medical Records of care with a median of 9.5 (Range: 0-100) and the standard of priority procedures with a median of 18 (Range: 9-27). In Bucaramanga, two institutions belong to the second level of care and one to the third level of care. The lowest standards in fulfillment were: Medications and devices with zero for one institution, Priority procedures with a median of 60 (Range: 0-89) and physical installations with a median of 73 (Range: 64-84). Conclusions The results show a non-compliance with the essential requisites of habilitation even though these are demanded by the territorial organizations in each health department, district, and municipality.(AU)

Impacto de um programa de educação continuada na qualidade assistencial oferecida pela fisioterapia em terapia intensiva / Impact of a continuous education program on the quality of assistance offered by intensive care physiotherapy

Objetivo: Avaliar o papel de indicadores de qualidade e registro de eventos adversos na qualidade assistencial da fisioterapia em terapia intensiva, bem como o impacto da implantação de protocolos de cuidado e treinamento profissional no processo de melhoria da qualidade. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo antes-depois para avaliar 15 indicadores de qualidade assistencial. Dados basais a respeito de adesão e eventos adversos foram coletados antes e após a implantação de protocolos de tratamento e treinamento da equipe. Resultados: Foram avaliados 89 pacientes, sendo 48 admitidos no período préintervenção e 41 no período pós-intervenção, com um total de 1.246 e 1.191 observações, respectivamente. Entre os indicadores relacionados à população global, houve melhora significativa no controle radiográfico, passagem de plantão, visita multiprofissional, assim como na adesão a essas decisões. Os indicadores relacionados com a população sob ventilação mecânica, obtidos por observação direta no leito, mostraram melhora significativa na adesão ao volume corrente de 6 a 8mL/kg, pressão platô <30cmH2O, adequação dos alarmes da ventilação mecânica, controle de umidificação da ventilação mecânica, troca dos equipos de umidificação, e posicionamento do tubo orotraqueal. Entre os indicadores de ventilação mecânica coletados por meio de registros da fisioterapia, ocorreu melhora significativa da adesão ao registro do volume corrente predito e ao registro da pressão do balonete. Houve redução significativa no número de eventos adversos. Não houve impacto na mortalidade na unidade de terapia intensiva, no tempo de internação, tempo de ventilação mecânica ...

Objective: To evaluate the role of quality indicators and adverse events registering in the quality assessment of intensive care physiotherapy and to evaluate the impact of implementing protocolized care and professional training in the quality improvement process. Methods: A prospective before-after study was designed to assess 15 indicators of the quality of care. Baseline compliance and adverse events were collected before and after the implementation of treatment protocols and staff training. Results: Eighty-nine patients admitted, being 48 in the pre-intervention period and 41 in the post-intervention period with a total of 1246 and 1191 observations respectively. Among the indicators related to the global population, there was a significant improvement in chest x-ray control, multidisciplinary rounds and shift changes as well as in compliance with these decisions. Indicators related to the population under mechanical ventilation, obtained by direct observation at bedside, showed a significant improvement in the compliance with the tidal volume of 6-8mL/Kg, plateau pressure <30cmH2O, adequate mechanical ventilation alarm setting, mechanical ventilation humidification control, adequate humidification line exchange and orotracheal tube position. Among the mechanical ventilation indicators collected through the physiotherapy records, there was significantly improved compliance with the predicted tidal volume registry and cuff pressure registry. There was a significant reduction in the number of adverse events. There was no impact on intensive care unit mortality, length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation and ventilator-free days. Conclusion: It is possible to measure the quality of physiotherapy care using indicators of quality control. The implementation of care protocols and training of the professionals can improve team performance. .

Perfil da Fisioterapia Esportiva nas Instituições de Ensino Superior do Brasil / Profile of Sports Physiotherapy in colleges and universities in Brazil / Perfil de la Fisioterapia Deportiva en las Instituciones de Enseñanza Superior del Brasil

O I Fórum Nacional dos Docentes da Fisioterapia Esportiva descreve diretrizes para normatização do ensino de graduação e pós-graduação referente à Fisioterapia Esportiva, as quais fundamentam orientações para Instituições do Ensino Superior (IES). O objetivo do estudo foi descrever o perfil da disciplina/do módulo de Fisioterapia Esportiva nas IES do Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo transversal entre os meses janeiro a outubro de 2011 e buscou-se no sistema de informação e-MEC a identificação das 439 instituições que ofertam o curso de graduação em Fisioterapia. Posteriormente, houve um levantamento de informações nos planos pedagógicos dessas IES, observando-se grade curricular do curso, especificamente a existência da disciplina/do módulo de Fisioterapia Esportiva, carga horária e estágio supervisionado. Em seguida, foi aplicado um questionário aos coordenadores de 33% das IES que ofertam a disciplina/o módulo de Fisioterapia Esportiva. A disciplina de Fisioterapia Esportiva é ofertada em 56% das IES brasileiras com graduação em Fisioterapia; destas, 97% oferecem em caráter obrigatório e em 62% o conteúdo é ofertado unido a outra disciplina. Com base na resposta aos questionários, 31% dos cursos apresentam carga horária total da disciplina entre 30 a 45 horas/aula, 50% oferecem estágio supervisionado e apenas 20% das instituições oferecem pós-graduação lato sensu na área. Foi investigada também a titulação dos professores ministrantes: 24% deles são especialistas, 31% são mestres, apenas 3% são doutores e 34% obtiveram o título de sócio-especialista da Sociedade Nacional de Fisioterapia Esportiva (SONAFE). Observa-se que a Fisioterapia Esportiva nas IES do Brasil ainda não está de acordo com as diretrizes que normatizam o ensino de graduação e pós-graduação na área...

The first Brazilian Forum of Professors in Sports Physiotherapy describes guidelines to standardize the education in undergraduate and graduate courses in relation to Sports Physiotherapy, justifying an orientation for Institutions of Higher Education (IHE). The aim of this study was to describe the profile of the Sports Physiotherapy in Brazilian IHE. A cross sectional study was conducted from January to October, 2011. In the research on the e-MEC information system, 439 institutions that offer undergraduate Physiotherapy courses were identified. Subsequently, it was collected information from pedagogical plans of these IHE, about core curriculum, specifically the existence or absence of the discipline of Sports Physiotherapy, workload and traineeship. A questionnaire was given to the coordinators of 33% of IHE that offer the discipline of Sports Physiotherapy. This discipline is offered in 56% of the Brazilian IHE with Physiotherapy course, obligatorily in 97% and, in 62%, the content is offered together with another discipline. Based in the response to the questionnaires, 31% of the courses have a total discipline workload within 30 to 45 hours/class, 50% of the courses offer traineeship, and only 20% of the IHE offer graduate courses in the area. It was also investigated the teachers' titration: 24% of them are specialists, 31% have a master degree, only 3% have a PhD degree, and 34% achieved the specialist degree of Sociedade Nacional de Fisioterapia Esportiva (SONAFE). It is observed that Sports Physiotherapy in the Brazilian IHE is not in accordance with the guidelines that regulate the teaching in undergraduate and graduate courses in the area...

El I Foro Nacional de los Docentes de Fisioterapia Deportiva describe directrices para normatización de la enseñanza de graduación y postgrado referente a la Fisioterapia Deportiva, las cuales fundamentan orientaciones para Instituciones de Enseñanza Superior (IES). El objetivo del estudio fue describir el perfil de la disciplina/del módulo de Fisioterapia Deportiva en las IES del Brasil. Fue realizado un estudio transversal entre los meses de enero a octubre de 2011 y se buscó en el sistema de información e-MEC la identificación de las 439 instituciones que ofertan el curso de graduación en Fisioterapia. Posteriormente, hubo un levantamiento de informaciones en los planes pedagógicos de esas IES, observándose el programa curricular del curso, específicamente la existencia de la disciplina/del módulo de Fisioterapia Deportiva, carga horaria y pasantía supervisada. Enseguida, les fue aplicado un cuestionario a los coordinadores de 33% de las IES que ofertan la disciplina/el módulo de Fisioterapia Deportiva. La disciplina de Fisioterapia Deportiva es ofertada en 56% de las IES brasileñas con graduación en Fisioterapia; de estas, 97% la ofrecen en carácter obligatorio y en 62% el contenido es ofertado unido a otra disciplina. Basándonos en la respuesta a los cuestionarios, 31% de los cursos presentan carga horaria total de la disciplina entre 30 a 45 horas/clase, 50% ofrecen pasantía supervisada y apenas 20% de las instituciones ofrecen postgrado lato sensu en el área. Fue investigada también la titulación de los profesores actuantes: 24% de ellos son especialistas, 31% son másters, apenas 3% son doctores y 34% obtuvieron el título de socio especialista de la Sociedade Nacional de Fisioterapia Esportiva (SONAFE). Se observa que la Fisioterapia Deportiva en las IES del Brasil aun no está de acuerdo con las directrices que regulan la enseñanza de graduación y postgrado en el área...

Mapping of the evidence from systematic reviews of the Cochrane Collaboration for decision-making within physiotherapy / Mapeamento das evidências de revisões sistemáticas da Colaboração Cochrane para tomada de decisão em fisioterapia

Evidence-based clinical practice emerged with the aim of guiding clinical issues in order to reduce the degree of uncertainty in decision-making. The Cochrane Collaboration has been developing systematic reviews on randomized controlled trials as high-quality intervention study subjects. Today, physiotherapy methods are widely required in treatments within many fields of healthcare. Therefore, it is extremely important to map out the situation regarding scientific evidence within physiotherapy. The aim of this study was to identify systematic reviews on physiotherapeutic interventions and investigate the scientific evidence and recommendations regarding whether further studies would be needed.

Cross-sectional study conducted within the postgraduate program on Internal Medicine and Therapeutics and at the Brazilian Cochrane Center.

Systematic reviews presenting physiotherapeutic interventions as the main investigation, in the Cochrane Reviews Group, edition 2/2009, were identified and classified.

Out of the 3,826 reviews, 207 (5.41%) that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected. Only 0.5% of the reviews concluded that the intervention presented a positive effect and that further studies were not recommended; 45.9% found that there seemed to be a positive effect but recommended further research; and 46.9% found that the evidence was insufficient for clinical practice and suggested that further research should be conducted.

Only one systematic review (“Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease”) indicated that the intervention tested could be used with certainty ...

A prática clínica baseada em evidências surgiu com o intuito de guiar as questões clínicas para reduzir o grau de incerteza na tomada de decisão. A Colaboração Cochrane vem desen-volvendo revisões sistemáticas de ensaios clínicos controlados aleatórios como assunto de estudos de intervenção de alta qualidade. Atualmente, as modalidades de fisioterapia têm sido amplamente requisi-tadas nos tratamentos em diversas áreas da saúde. Portanto, a realização do mapeamento sobre a situação das evidências científicas da fisioterapia é de extrema importância. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar as revisões sistemáticas e verificar a evidência científica das intervenções fisioterapêuticas e a recomendação ou não de mais estudos.

Estudo transversal, realizado no programa de pós-graduação em Medicina Interna e Terapêutica e no Centro Cochrane do Brasil.

Foram identificadas e classificadas as revisões sistemáticas que apresentavam intervenções fisioterapêuticas como investigação principal, nos grupos da “Cochrane Reviews Group”, edição 2/2009.

Das 3.826 revisões, foram selecionadas 207 (5,41%) que preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Apenas 0,5% das revisões concluíram que a intervenção apresenta efeito positivo e não são recomendados mais estudos; 45,9% mostraram que a intervenção parece ter efeito positivo, e mais pesquisa é recomendada; em 46,9% das revisões, a ...